Starbucks CEO: Tell lawmakers to get along
How the things will move from here?
With 47 USD in commitment, will it be any solution. With all best efforts, there is only one way to go, stop playing. Stop playing with live lives of innocent people. This paying for rich is making more people hungry. There is only one solution, clean all toxic from system. Clean the system of poison and then only it can start growing.
Stop all such products which created these toxic in the system. Make the system more clean, transparent and accountable. No one is above the boards, every one should be held accountable including USA and its nationals for destroying the global financial system, and putting millions of poor to death for increasing food prices. This finanial system and fiat money is at core of problem.
The real problem is no body wants solution, they just want patch up, so that they can continue playing without accountability and governance. The present financial system will and can not do a solution.
Change is needed?
Change is awaited?
Let us Change this world........... for better and peaceful tomorrow.
What I see from here......... how the things will look like........
There is no currency against which dollar can go down, everyone in this world is fighting to lower the value of currency including Japan and Swiss and China. When there is no bench mark and free market as believed then what remains?
The dollar will be benchmarked against commodities, and specially food which no one will stop eating.
The commodities in general and food in particular will see very high price rise.
Oil ----------- 150 -170 USD next three years..............200-250............ 5 years.
Food ...........30%..50% up 3 years.........100% ...... 5 years
Commodities............ 30%........70% depending on type.
This will bring 30% new poor who can not efffort food. ( peoples without basic nessicities)
Millions more will die because of this............
Please if any one in this world has answer , please let me know,
Who is accountable for death of these millions ?
And Many more millions hungr?
Are these not criminals? Criminals of worst kind?
Let them all held accountable for their deeds?
Even if they are free and not held here, they will be punished there in final day of judgment? HERE AFTER?
Wednesday, September 7, 2011
Sunday, August 21, 2011
Government Tactics - Divide and Rule
It’s Anna vs Aruna as rift in civil society shows
Even though they are activist, they are Now activist on Government Pay Role ( They are members of Sonia's NIC, whose bills are accepted and not of others.
Unfortunately still after 60 years we do not have system to fight corruption.
We divide religion to rule, then caste's to rule and now civil society to rule, this congress alias British Congress, Divide and Rule. Dhruthrashtra is clean but can not see and can not control Kaurava's unfortunately.
BS REPORTER New Delhi, 20 August
A section of the civil society came out in the open today, criticising Team Anna and its method of enforcing its views on the Lok Pal Bill.
Coming together at the platform of the National Council for Promotion of Right to Information (NCPRI) in support of NGO members Aruna Roy, Harsh Mander, Shekhar Singh and Nikhil De, the section said it supported Anna’s protest but opposed the intention of Hazare’s team to sidestep democratic systems in its hurry to bring forth its version the Bill.
It also criticised the team for being intolerant to other views in the civil society, notably those of NCPRI — of which Arvind Kejriwal and Prashant Bhushan still are “sleeping members” in the words of Aruna Roy.
There even emerged an appeal to broaden the discussion on Lok Pal, with NCPRI member Aruna Roy crediting Hazare and his movement as the single reason for making the Lok Pal a success today, while maintaning that they were drifting away from the democratic methods.
Harsh Mander, another NCPRI member said: “I am worried about people on the streets, who are dreaming of a better country. How can we reduce it to just one view and one issue? Let us deepen the debate and struggle for a better India.” He said more views should be taken into account and the best possible solution should be provided to these people.
However, Justice A P Shah was harsh in his criticism of the insistence of the Anna team on having only their version of the Bill passed. “Anna is not civil society and civil society is not Anna,” he said. He said that ombudsmen in no country is given power over judiciary and this was very dangerous.
The differences between the NCPRI and its supporters and Anna supporters on the Lok Pal Bill are just a few. But, it is what is seen as the intolerant attitude of the Anna team which has annoyed NCPRI members and supporters like Anhad to organise the press conference.
Roy added that actions of the team were tantamount to hijacking the democratic system. Democracy is for the poor and it is our responsibility to make it work. We can remove rotten parts in a system, but, we cannot throw away the system itself.
“I can sit on the streets and demand that the collector delivers, but I cant go and sit in the collector’s chair. What the Anna team wants is almost that,” she said.
She said the government Lok Pal Bill was not only weak but also dangerous and if it was not changed, then even we will come out in the streets in protest.
The two main differences in Anna’s Bill and Aruna Roy’s Bill are the non-inclusion of the judiciary in the latter’s version and the replacement of a single Lok Pal with a threelevel structure to investigate corruption at different levels of the society.
But, it is not the differences in the Bill that is causing concern to those who differ from Anna Hazare.
Roy said, “If Anna has a right to dissent, he should also acknowledge and admit the right of other people in the country to have differences with him on the Lok Pal”.
She said it was solely because of Anna Hazare and his team that Lok Pal has today become such a big issue.
Arvind Kejriwal, member of the Anna Hazare team said it was a misunderstanding that they were holding the Parliament to ransom on the Bill. He also dismissed the differences with Aruna Roy on the Bill as very minor.
“Multiple agencies to deal with corruption would lead to confusion. When a complaint is filed, we don’t know if a higher official or a lower official is involved. So it cannot work,” said Prashant Bhushan, another memeber of Hazare’s team.
Even though they are activist, they are Now activist on Government Pay Role ( They are members of Sonia's NIC, whose bills are accepted and not of others.
Unfortunately still after 60 years we do not have system to fight corruption.
We divide religion to rule, then caste's to rule and now civil society to rule, this congress alias British Congress, Divide and Rule. Dhruthrashtra is clean but can not see and can not control Kaurava's unfortunately.
BS REPORTER New Delhi, 20 August
A section of the civil society came out in the open today, criticising Team Anna and its method of enforcing its views on the Lok Pal Bill.
Coming together at the platform of the National Council for Promotion of Right to Information (NCPRI) in support of NGO members Aruna Roy, Harsh Mander, Shekhar Singh and Nikhil De, the section said it supported Anna’s protest but opposed the intention of Hazare’s team to sidestep democratic systems in its hurry to bring forth its version the Bill.
It also criticised the team for being intolerant to other views in the civil society, notably those of NCPRI — of which Arvind Kejriwal and Prashant Bhushan still are “sleeping members” in the words of Aruna Roy.
There even emerged an appeal to broaden the discussion on Lok Pal, with NCPRI member Aruna Roy crediting Hazare and his movement as the single reason for making the Lok Pal a success today, while maintaning that they were drifting away from the democratic methods.
Harsh Mander, another NCPRI member said: “I am worried about people on the streets, who are dreaming of a better country. How can we reduce it to just one view and one issue? Let us deepen the debate and struggle for a better India.” He said more views should be taken into account and the best possible solution should be provided to these people.
However, Justice A P Shah was harsh in his criticism of the insistence of the Anna team on having only their version of the Bill passed. “Anna is not civil society and civil society is not Anna,” he said. He said that ombudsmen in no country is given power over judiciary and this was very dangerous.
The differences between the NCPRI and its supporters and Anna supporters on the Lok Pal Bill are just a few. But, it is what is seen as the intolerant attitude of the Anna team which has annoyed NCPRI members and supporters like Anhad to organise the press conference.
Roy added that actions of the team were tantamount to hijacking the democratic system. Democracy is for the poor and it is our responsibility to make it work. We can remove rotten parts in a system, but, we cannot throw away the system itself.
“I can sit on the streets and demand that the collector delivers, but I cant go and sit in the collector’s chair. What the Anna team wants is almost that,” she said.
She said the government Lok Pal Bill was not only weak but also dangerous and if it was not changed, then even we will come out in the streets in protest.
The two main differences in Anna’s Bill and Aruna Roy’s Bill are the non-inclusion of the judiciary in the latter’s version and the replacement of a single Lok Pal with a threelevel structure to investigate corruption at different levels of the society.
But, it is not the differences in the Bill that is causing concern to those who differ from Anna Hazare.
Roy said, “If Anna has a right to dissent, he should also acknowledge and admit the right of other people in the country to have differences with him on the Lok Pal”.
She said it was solely because of Anna Hazare and his team that Lok Pal has today become such a big issue.
Arvind Kejriwal, member of the Anna Hazare team said it was a misunderstanding that they were holding the Parliament to ransom on the Bill. He also dismissed the differences with Aruna Roy on the Bill as very minor.
“Multiple agencies to deal with corruption would lead to confusion. When a complaint is filed, we don’t know if a higher official or a lower official is involved. So it cannot work,” said Prashant Bhushan, another memeber of Hazare’s team.
Monday, August 1, 2011
America Dinned and Partied now Friends will Pay the Bill
Debt Deal - Obama Accused of ‘Surrender’ as Debt Vote Looms - CNBC
American Default is sure
The concept of capitalism is spending beyond means by borrowing on assuming future flows, when it does not happen then defaulting, going to bankruptcy. This is what exactly many individuals are doing. Peoples are being lured into spending beyond their means. American in general are deep into debts apart from government debt.
The Biggest Types of Personal Debt
In today’s economy, massive consumer debt has crippled the personal balance sheets of individuals around the country, making a tough economy even tougher. With foreclosures on the rise and many Americans crippled by over-extended credit cards, personal debt is becoming a major player in the economic crisis. Payday Advances - $40 billion
A payday advance is a small, unsecured short-term loan, normally between $100-$500 with typical interest rates between 15-20 percent and maturities of about 14 days. However, because of the short term of maturities, APR for payday loans can be anywhere between 400 and 700 percent and, if not immediately paid in full, individuals can get themselves into serious financial trouble.
Small Business Loans - $68 billion
SBA Loans Oustanding (As of 2/28/09) 7(a) – 317,358 loans, $45.93 billion 504: - 52,217 loans, $22.08 billion
Farm Loans - $114.2 billion
Auto Loan Debt – $313.8 billion
Tax Debt Owed to IRS - $345 billion
Student Loan Debt Outstanding - $556 billion
Revolving Home Equity Credit - $577.8 billion
Revolving Consumer Credit Outstanding - $953.1 billion
Major Holders (in billions) Pools of securitized assets: $440.3* Commercial Banks: $382.0 Finance Companies: $55.8 Savings Institutions: $39.0 Credit Unions: $32.2 Non-Finance Businesses: $3.8 Residential Mortgage Debt Outstanding: $14.64 trillion
Breakdown of Total Outstanding Mortgages: One- to four- family residences: $11.03 trillion Nonfarm, nonresidential: $2.59 trillion Multifamily residences: $895.79 billion Farm: $111.15 billion
Biggest Holders of US Gov't Debt
This borrowing adds to the national debt, which has recently surpassed the $14 trillion mark and is rising every day. The amount of debt is quickly approaching the federal debt ceiling, a legal limit to borrowing which currently stands at $14.294 trillion. Much of that debt is held by private sector, but about 40 percent is held by public entities, including parts of the government. Here's who owns the most.
15. Canada
For the first time in recent history, Canada's holdings of US debt has broken into the top 15, surpassing Taiwan by about $3.6 billion in November 2010.
14. Hong Kong
US debt holdings: $138.9 billion
13. Caribbean Banking Centers
US debt holdings: $146.3 billion
12. Brazil
US debt holdings: $184.4 billion
11. Oil Exporters
US debt holdings: $210.4 billion Included in the group of oil exporters are Ecuador, Venezuela, Indonesia, Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Algeria, Gabon, Libya, and Nigeria.
10. Insurance Companies
US debt holdings: $261.8 billion 9. Depository Institutions
US debt holdings: $269.8 billion
7. (Tied) United Kingdom
US debt holdings: $511.8 billion
7. (Tied) State and Local Governments
US debt holdings: $511.8 billion
6. Mutual Funds
US debt holdings: $637.7 billion
5. Pension Funds
US debt holdings: $706.4 billion
4. Japan
US debt holdings: $877.2 billion
3. China
US debt holdings: $895.6 billion
2. Other Investors/Savings Bonds
US debt holdings $1.458 trillion
1. Federal Reserve and Intragovernmental Holdings
US debt holdings: $5.351 trillion About a decade ago, the total government holdings were "only" $2.5 trillion.
American Default is sure
The concept of capitalism is spending beyond means by borrowing on assuming future flows, when it does not happen then defaulting, going to bankruptcy. This is what exactly many individuals are doing. Peoples are being lured into spending beyond their means. American in general are deep into debts apart from government debt.
The Biggest Types of Personal Debt
In today’s economy, massive consumer debt has crippled the personal balance sheets of individuals around the country, making a tough economy even tougher. With foreclosures on the rise and many Americans crippled by over-extended credit cards, personal debt is becoming a major player in the economic crisis. Payday Advances - $40 billion
A payday advance is a small, unsecured short-term loan, normally between $100-$500 with typical interest rates between 15-20 percent and maturities of about 14 days. However, because of the short term of maturities, APR for payday loans can be anywhere between 400 and 700 percent and, if not immediately paid in full, individuals can get themselves into serious financial trouble.
Small Business Loans - $68 billion
SBA Loans Oustanding (As of 2/28/09) 7(a) – 317,358 loans, $45.93 billion 504: - 52,217 loans, $22.08 billion
Farm Loans - $114.2 billion
Auto Loan Debt – $313.8 billion
Tax Debt Owed to IRS - $345 billion
Student Loan Debt Outstanding - $556 billion
Revolving Home Equity Credit - $577.8 billion
Revolving Consumer Credit Outstanding - $953.1 billion
Major Holders (in billions) Pools of securitized assets: $440.3* Commercial Banks: $382.0 Finance Companies: $55.8 Savings Institutions: $39.0 Credit Unions: $32.2 Non-Finance Businesses: $3.8 Residential Mortgage Debt Outstanding: $14.64 trillion
Breakdown of Total Outstanding Mortgages: One- to four- family residences: $11.03 trillion Nonfarm, nonresidential: $2.59 trillion Multifamily residences: $895.79 billion Farm: $111.15 billion
Biggest Holders of US Gov't Debt
This borrowing adds to the national debt, which has recently surpassed the $14 trillion mark and is rising every day. The amount of debt is quickly approaching the federal debt ceiling, a legal limit to borrowing which currently stands at $14.294 trillion. Much of that debt is held by private sector, but about 40 percent is held by public entities, including parts of the government. Here's who owns the most.
15. Canada
For the first time in recent history, Canada's holdings of US debt has broken into the top 15, surpassing Taiwan by about $3.6 billion in November 2010.
14. Hong Kong
US debt holdings: $138.9 billion
13. Caribbean Banking Centers
US debt holdings: $146.3 billion
12. Brazil
US debt holdings: $184.4 billion
11. Oil Exporters
US debt holdings: $210.4 billion Included in the group of oil exporters are Ecuador, Venezuela, Indonesia, Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Algeria, Gabon, Libya, and Nigeria.
10. Insurance Companies
US debt holdings: $261.8 billion 9. Depository Institutions
US debt holdings: $269.8 billion
7. (Tied) United Kingdom
US debt holdings: $511.8 billion
7. (Tied) State and Local Governments
US debt holdings: $511.8 billion
6. Mutual Funds
US debt holdings: $637.7 billion
5. Pension Funds
US debt holdings: $706.4 billion
4. Japan
US debt holdings: $877.2 billion
3. China
US debt holdings: $895.6 billion
2. Other Investors/Savings Bonds
US debt holdings $1.458 trillion
1. Federal Reserve and Intragovernmental Holdings
US debt holdings: $5.351 trillion About a decade ago, the total government holdings were "only" $2.5 trillion.
Sunday, July 31, 2011
Siyam - Guaranteed Profits for every deed upto 700 times
This is time to invest every penny you, the returns are guaranteed minimum 7 times and it will be 700 times and up to unlimited. These are irrevocable guarantees from the Guaranteed of both worlds who has your life in His control.
The best returns of both the worlds are guaranteed. Come….come fast.
Training program for those who wants to succeed
If you complete these program then success is Guaranteed.
This is sovereign Guarantee without any risk of default, from the one Who has always honored His words and will Honor Guarantees His in future also.
These guarantees are from one who made you successful when you are few. You succeeded when you believed Him and followed his path.
“Today if You want success then there is only one path ,” Return to His Way”- Ruzu-ilal –llah
Success will come to you if you fully believe and follow the road and path followed by Rahmatulil Aalmin – Prophet Muhammad bin Abdullah (Peace be Upon Him). This is only road, the only path of success.
Those who are looking for peace and happiness in lives and world, here is solution. There is no other solution. Just adopt it and you will succeed. This path is guarantee of success in your life here and here after. Every deed you are doing, you will be accounted for.
You will be standing alone there, in front of His Majesty, Al Jabbar, Al Kahhar, Ar Rahman Ar Rahim.
Come to His way, the Right Path and The Road to Success and Salvation.
The only path which will take to success
Success in Both Worlds
"O you who believe! Fasting is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you, that you may become Al-Muttaqun (the pious)." [Soorah al-Baqarah (2):183]
'Whoever does not give up forged speech and evil actions, then Allah is not in need of his abstinence of food and drink." (Reported by AI-Bukhari)
"All the deeds of the son of Adam (people) are for them. Every good deed will be multiplied to ten it’s like, up to seven hundred times. Allah, the Exalted, said, ‘Except fasting which is for Me, and I will give the reward for it. He left his lust, food, and drink for My sake.'
There are two pleasures for the fasting person, one at the time of breaking his fast and the other at the time when he will meet his Lord. The unpleasant smell coming from the mouth of a fasting person is better to Allah than the smell of musk. “(Reported by Muslim)
Know that to truly attain closeness to Allah, the Exalted, by giving up, while fasting, these permissible worldly desires is not complete unless one comes closer to Him by giving up what Allah has forbidden in all circumstances, such as lying, injustice, and transgression against people in their blood, property, and dignity. Due to this the Prophet said,
The underlying reason behind this is that to gain closeness to Allah by abandoning the permissible things is not complete, except by giving up the forbidden things. Thus, whoever does the forbidden acts and then [tries to] get closer to Allah by giving up the permissible things, is like the one who does not do the obligatory acts and worships Allah through the voluntary acts. If he intends by eating and drinking to strengthen his body for standing [for prayer] and fasting, he would be rewarded for that. Likewise, if he intends by sleeping in the night and day, to strengthen himself for good deeds, his sleep would then be an act of worship.
Thus, a Muslim partakes in worship during the day and the night. His prayers are answered while fasting and when breaking the fast. So he is, during the day, fasting and being patient and in the night, eating and being thankful.
The conditions for that include that he breaks his fast with permissible things. If he breaks his fast with a forbidden thing, he would be from those who fasted from what Allah made lawful for him, and broke his fast with what Allah made forbidden to him, and his supplication would not be answered. Know that two types of struggles are combined for the believer in the month of Ramadan: the struggle with himself during the day time over fasting, and the struggle in the night-time over standing in prayer. So whoever combines between these two struggles and fulfills all of their rights and is steadfast in that-Allah will fulfill his reward over them without limit.
Some of The Means to Forgiveness in Ramadan There are many means for forgiveness in the month of Ramadan. The means to forgiveness in it include fasting and standing for prayer; [specifically] standing in prayer on the Night of Qadr (Power, Decree, or High Rank). Included in that is giving someone food to break his fast and lightening the burdens of slaves. Also, included in that is asking for forgiveness; the supplication of the fasting person is answered while fasting and while breaking the fast.
Since there are many means for forgive-ness during Ramadan, the person for whom forgiveness passes by is deprived to the utmost. When will the person who is not forgiven in this month be forgiven? When will the person who was rejected on the Night of Qadr be accepted? When will the person who is not upright in Ramadan ever be upright?
The Muslims used to say, when the month of Ramadan would come, "0 Allah, the month of Ramadan has caste over us and has come, so safeguard it for us and safeguard us for it; provide for us that we fast in it and stand in it for prayer; provide us in it diligence, strength, and vigor, and protect us in it from trials and tribulations."
Some of the Etiquettes of Fasting
Know that the fast is not complete unless six things are fulfilled:
The first: lowering the gaze [from forbidden things]; withholding it from extensively looking at everything which is dispraised and disliked.
The second: safeguarding the tongue from senselessness, backbiting, spreading evil rumors, and lying. The third: refraining from listening to everything that is forbidden and disliked.
The fourth: restraining the rest of the limbs from sins.
The fifth: not overeating. The sixth: one's heart is, after breaking the fast, between a state of fear [of Allah's punishment] and hope [for Allah's mercy]; as he does not know whether his fast is accepted; thus being one who was brought closer [by it] or [it is] rejected from him, so that he is one who simply received his sustenance (i.e. the food he broke his fast with). That must be during the end of every act of worship.'
o Allah, make us from those who fasted the month, received the full reward, made to experience the Night of Qadr, and won the Lord's prize, Blessed and Exalted is He, Aamin, 0 Lord of the worlds. May Allah grant mercy and peace on Muhammad, and on his family and companions altogether?
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آَمَنُوا كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الصِّيَامُ كَمَا كُتِبَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَّقُونَ ﴿2:183﴾
(2:183) O Believers, the Fast has been made obligatory on you just as it was prescribed for the followers of the Prophets before you. It is expected that this will produce piety in you. *183
*183. Like most other injunctions of Islam those relating to fasting were revealed gradually. In the beginning the Prophet (peace be on him) had instructed the Muslims to fast three days in every month, though this was not obligatory. When the injunction in the present verse was later revealed in 2 A.H., a degree of relaxation was introduced: it was stipulated that those who did not fast despite their capacity to endure it were obliged to feed one poor person as an expiation for each day of obligatory fasting missed (see verse 184). Another injunction was revealed later (see verse 185) and here the relaxation in respect of able-bodied persons was revoked. However, for the sick, the traveller, the pregnant, the breast-feeding women and the aged who could not endure fasting, the relaxation was retained. (See Bukhari, 'Tafsir al-Qur'an', 25; Tirmidhi, 'Sawm', 21; Nasai, 'Siyam', 51, 62, 64; Ibn Majah, 'Siyam', 12; Ahmad b. Hanbal, Musnad, vol. 3, p. 104; vol. 4, pp. 347 and 418; vol. 5, p. 29 - Ed.)
أَيَّامًا مَعْدُودَاتٍ فَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْكُمْ مَرِيضًا أَوْ عَلَى سَفَرٍ فَعِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ وَعَلَى الَّذِينَ يُطِيقُونَهُ فِدْيَةٌ طَعَامُ مِسْكِينٍ فَمَنْ تَطَوَّعَ خَيْرًا فَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لَهُ وَأَنْ تَصُومُوا خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ ﴿2:184﴾
(2:184) The Fast is to be observed for a fixed number of days. If, however, anyone of you be sick or on a journey, he should fast the same number of other days. As for those who can fast (but do not), the expiation of this shall be the feeding of one needy person for one fast day, and whoso does more than this *184 with a willing heart does it for his own good. But if you understand the thing, it is better for you to observe the Fast. *185
*184. This act of extra merit could either be feeding more than the one person required or both fasting and feeding the poor. *185. Here ends the early injunction with regard to fasting which was revealed in 2 A.H. prior to the Battle of Badr. The verses that follow were revealed about one year later and are linked with the preceding verses since they deal with the same subject.
شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ الَّذِي أُنْزِلَ فِيهِ الْقُرْآَنُ هُدًى لِلنَّاسِ وَبَيِّنَاتٍ مِنَ الْهُدَى وَالْفُرْقَانِ فَمَنْ شَهِدَ مِنْكُمُ الشَّهْرَ فَلْيَصُمْهُ وَمَنْ كَانَ مَرِيضًا أَوْ عَلَى سَفَرٍ فَعِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ بِكُمُ الْيُسْرَ وَلَا يُرِيدُ بِكُمُ الْعُسْرَ وَلِتُكْمِلُوا الْعِدَّةَ وَلِتُكَبِّرُوا اللَّهَ عَلَى مَا هَدَاكُمْ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ ﴿2:185﴾
(2:185) Ramadan is the month in which the Qur'an was sent down : this Book is a perfect guidance for mankind and consists of clear teachings which show the right way and are a criterion of Truth and falsehood. Therefore from now on whoever witnesses it, it is obligatory on hire to fast the whole month, but if one be ill or on a journey, he should make up for the same number by fasting on other days. *186 Allah desires to show leniency to you and does not desire to show any hardship. "therefore this method is being shown to you so that you may complete the number of Fast days and glorify Allah for the Guidance He has shown to you and be grateful to Him. *187
*186. Whether a person should or should not fast while on a journey is left to individual discretion. We find that among the Companions who accompanied the Prophet on journeys some fasted whereas others did not; none objected to the conduct of another. The Prophet himself did not always fast when travelling. On one journey a person was so overwhelmed by hunger that he collapsed; the Prophet disapproved when he learned that the man had been fasting. During wars the Prophet used to prevent people from fasting so that they would not lack energy for the fight. It has been reported by 'Umar that two military expeditions took place in the month of Ramadan. The first was the Battle of Badr and the second the conquest of Makka. On both occasions the Companions abstained from fasting, and, according to Ibn 'Umar, on the occasion of the conquest of Makka the Prophet proclaimed that people should not fast since it was a day of fighting. In other Traditions the Prophet is reported to have said that people should not fast when they had drawn close to the enemy, since abstention from fasting would lead to greater strength. (See Ahmad b. Hanbal, Musnad, vol. 3, p. 329, and vol. 5, pp. 205 and 209: Darimi, ' Sawm', 41; Muslim, 'Siyarn', 92; Nasai, 'Siyam', 47; Bukhari, 'Maghazi', 71; Muslim, 'Siyam', 102; Ahmad b. Hanbal, Musnad, vol. 3, pp. 21, 35, 46; Tirmidhi, 'Sawm', 18, Nasa'i. 'Siyam', 52; Bukhari , 'Jihad', 29; Muslim, 'Siyam', 98; Abu Da'ud, 'Sawm' 42; Muslim, 'Siyam', 102, 103, 105; Ahmad b. Hanbal, Musnad vol. 2, 99; Tirmidhi, : 'Sawm', 19 - Ed.) The duration of a journey for which it becomes permissible for a person to abstain from fasting is not absolutely clear from any statement of the Prophet, (cf. relevant Traditions Abu Da'ud, 'Sawm', 46, 47; Nasai , 'Siyam', 54, 55; Malik, Muaatta', 'Siyam', 21, 27 - Ed.) In addition the practice of the Companions was not uniform. It would seem that any journey which is commonly regarded as such, and which is attended by the circumstances generally associated with travelling, should be deemed sufficient justification for not fasting. Jurists agree that one does not have to fast on the day of commencing a journey; one may eat either at the point of departure or after the actual journey has commenced. Either course is sanctioned by the practice of the Companions. Jurists, however, are not agreed as to whether or not the residents of a city under attack may abstain from fasting even though they are not actually travelling. Ibn taymiyah favours the permissibility of abstention from fasting and supports his view with vcry forceful arguments. *187. This indicates that fasting need not be confined, exclusively, to Ramadan. For those who fail to fast during that month owing to some legitimate reason God has kept the door of compensation open during other months of the year so that they need not be deprived of the opportunity to express their gratitude to Him for His great bounty, in revealing the Qur'an. It should he noted here that fasting in Ramadin has not only been declared an act of worship and devotion and a means to nourish piety but has also been characterized as an act of gratefulness to God for His great bounty of true guidance in the form of the Qur'an. In fact, the best way of expressing gratitude for someone's bounty or benevolence is to prepare oneself, to the best of one's ability, to achieve the purpose for which that bounty has been bestowed. The Qur'an has been revealed so that we may know the way that leads to God's good pleasure, follow that way ourselves and direct the world along it. Fasting is an excellent means by which to prepare ourselves for shouldering this task. Hence fasting during the month of the revelation of the Qur'an is more than an act of worship and more than an excellent course of moral training; it is also an appropriate form for the expression of our thankfulness to God for the bounty of the Qur'an.
وَإِذَا سَأَلَكَ عِبَادِي عَنِّي فَإِنِّي قَرِيبٌ أُجِيبُ دَعْوَةَ الدَّاعِ إِذَا دَعَانِ فَلْيَسْتَجِيبُوا لِي وَلْيُؤْمِنُوا بِي لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْشُدُونَ ﴿2:186﴾
(2:186) And if My servants ask you, O Prophet. concerning Me, tell them that I am quite near to them. I hear and answer the prayer of the suppliant, when he calls to Me. So let them respond to My call and believe in Me. *188 Convey this to them, O Prophet; perhaps they may be guided aright. *189
*188. Even though people can neither see God nor subject Him to any other form of sense perception this should not make them feel that God is remote from them. On the contrany, He is so close to each and every person that whenever any person so wishes he can communicate with his Lord. So much so that God hears and responds even to the prayers which remain within the innermost recesses of the heart. People exhaust themselves by approaching false and powerless beings whom they foolishly fancy to be their deities but who have neither the power to hear nor to grant their prayers. But God, the omnipotent Lord and the absolute Master of this vast universe, Who wields all power and authority, is so close to human beings that they can alway's approach Him without the intercession of any intermediaries, and can put to Him ther prayers and requests. *189. This announcement of God's closeness to man may open his eyes to the Truth, may turn him to the right way wherein lies his success and well-being.
أُحِلَّ لَكُمْ لَيْلَةَ الصِّيَامِ الرَّفَثُ إِلَى نِسَائِكُمْ هُنَّ لِبَاسٌ لَكُمْ وَأَنْتُمْ لِبَاسٌ لَهُنَّ عَلِمَ اللَّهُ أَنَّكُمْ كُنْتُمْ تَخْتَانُونَ أَنْفُسَكُمْ فَتَابَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَعَفَا عَنْكُمْ فَالْآَنَ بَاشِرُوهُنَّ وَابْتَغُوا مَا كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ وَكُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ الْخَيْطُ الْأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الْخَيْطِ الْأَسْوَدِ مِنَ الْفَجْرِ ثُمَّ أَتِمُّوا الصِّيَامَ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ وَلَا تُبَاشِرُوهُنَّ وَأَنْتُمْ عَاكِفُونَ فِي الْمَسَاجِدِ تِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللَّهِ فَلَا تَقْرَبُوهَا كَذَلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ آَيَاتِهِ لِلنَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَّقُونَ ﴿2:187﴾
(2:187) It has been made lawful for you to go to your wives during the nights of the fast days. They are as a garment to you and you are as a garment to them. *190 Though Allah knew that you were secretly dishonest to yourselves, He has pardoned your guilt and forgiven you. NOW you are permitted to have intercourse with your wives and enjoy what Allah has made lawful for you. *191 You are also pemitted to eat and drink during the nights of the Fast months. *192 until you can discern the white streak of dawn from the blackness of night. *193 " Then (abstain from all these things and) complete your fast till night-fall. *194 But you should not have intercourse with your wives while you confine yourselves to mosques. *195 These are the bounds set by Allah; so do nut go near them. *196 In this way Allah makes His Commands clear to mankind. It is expected that they will guard themselves against wrong ways.
*190. Just as nothing intervenes between a person's body and his clothes, so nothing can intervene between a man and his wife; it is a relationship of inalienable intimacy. *191. Although there was no categorical ordinance in the early days prohibiting sexual intercourse between husband and wife during the nights of Ramadan, people generally assumed that this was not permissible. Despite the feeling that their action was either not permitted or was at least disapproved of, they did at times approach their wives. Such a betrayal of conscience can encourage a sinful disposition. God, therefore, first reproaches them with their lack of integrity, for this is what was objectionable. As for the act itself, God makes it clear that it is quite permissible. Henceforth they might engage in sexual intercourse as a perfectly lawful act unencumbered by feelings of guilt. *192. In this connection, too, there was a misapprehension at first. Some thought that eating and drinking were absolutely prohibited after the performance of the 'Isha' (Night) Prayer. Others thought that one could eat and drink so long as one had not fallen asleep, but that if one had it was not permissible to eat on reawakening. These were people's own fancies and often caused great inconvenience. This verse seeks to remove all such misconceptions. It clearly lays down the duration of the fast: from dawn until sunset. Between sunset and dawn it is permissible to eat, to drink, and to indulge in the legitimate gratification of sexual desires. At the same time the Prophet introduced the pre-fasting repast, recommending a good meal just before dawn. *193. In fixing the time of obligatory rites, Islam has been mindful that these timings should be so clear and simple that people, at all stages of development, should be able to follow them. This is why Islam bases its timing on conspicuous natural phenomena and not on the clock. Some people object that this principle of timing is untenable in areas close to the poles, where night and day each last for about six months. This objection is based on a very superficial knowledge of geography. In point of fact neither day nor night lasts for six months in those areas - not in the sense in which people living near the Equator conceive of night and day. The signs of morning and evening appear at the poles with unfailing regularity and it is on this basis that people time their sleeping and waking, their professional work, their play and recreation. Even in the days before watches were common, the people of countries like Finland, Norway and Greenland used to fix the hours of the day and night by means of various signs that appeared on the horizon. Just as those signs helped them to determine their schedules in other matters, so they should enable them to time their various Prayers, the pre-fast meal and the breaking of the fast. *194. 'Complete your fasting until night sets in' means that the time of fasting ends with nightfall, i.e. sunset marks the breaking of the fast. The precise time of the end of the pre-dawn repast is when a lean strip of aurora appears at the eastern end of the horizon and begins to grow. The time to break one's fast starts when the darkness of night seems to have begun to appear over the eastern horizon. In our own time, some people have adopted an attitude of extreme caution with regard to the time of both the end and start of fasting. The Law has not fixed these schedules with rigid precision. If a person wakes up just at the crack of dawn it is proper for him to eat and drink hastily. According to a Tradition the Prophet said: 'If anyone of you hears the call for [the morning] Prayer while he is eating he should not stop immediately, but should finish eating to the extent of his bare need.' (Abu Da'ud. Siyam', 14 - Ed.) Similarly, one need not wait for the light of day to disappear fully before breaking the fast. The Prophet, for instance, used to ask Bilil to bring him something to drink as soon as the sun had set. Bilil expressed his astonishment, pointing out that the light of day could still be observed. To this the Prophet replied that the time of fasting came to an end when the darkness of night began to rise from the east. (Muslim, 'Siyam', 10; Abu Da'ud, 'Siyam', 15; etc. - Ed.) *195. 'On retreat in the mosque' refers to the religious practice of spending the last ten days of Ramadan in the mosque, consecrating this time to the remembrance of God. In this state, known as i'tikaf, one may go out of the mosque only for the absolutely necessary requirements of life, but one must stay away from gratifying one's sexual desire. *196. The directive here is neither to exceed nor draw near the limits set by God. This means that it is dangerous for a man to skirt the boundaries of disobedience; prudence demands that one should keep some distance from these lest one's steps inadvertent lead one to cross them. The same principle has been enunciated in a Tradition in which the Prophet said: 'Even sovereign has an enclosed pasture and the enclosed pasture of God consists of His prohibitions. So, whosoever keeps grazing around that pasture is likely to fall into it.' (Bukhari, 'lman', 36; 'Buyu'', 3; Muslim, 'Musaqah', 107; Abu Da'd, 'Buyu", 3; Tirmidhi, 'Buyu", 1; Nasa'i, 'Buyu?, 3; 'Ashribah', 50; Ibn Majah, 'Fitan', 14 - Ed.) It is a pity that many people. who are not conversant with the spirit of the Shari'ah (Islamic law), insist on using these boundaries to the limits. Many religious scholars exert themselves in finding out arguments to justify this attitude, and a point is thus reached where only a hair's breadth separates obedience from disobedience. Consequently many people fall prey to disobedience, even to downright error and wrong-doing. For once a man arrives at this point he is seldom capable of discerning between right and wrong, and maintaining the absolute self-control needed to keep within the lawful limits.
وَلَا تَأْكُلُوا أَمْوَالَكُمْ بَيْنَكُمْ بِالْبَاطِلِ وَتُدْلُوا بِهَا إِلَى الْحُكَّامِ لِتَأْكُلُوا فَرِيقًا مِنْ أَمْوَالِ النَّاسِ بِالْإِثْمِ وَأَنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ ﴿2:188﴾
(2:188) Do not usurp one another's property by unjust means nor offer it to the judges so that you may devour knowingly and unjustly a portion of the goods of others. *197
*197. One meaning of this verse is that people should not try to seek illegitimate benefits by bribing magistrates. Another meaning is that when a person is aware that the property, he claims rightfully belongs to someone else, he should not file a judicial petition either because the other party lacks the evidence to support their case or because by trickery and cunning the petitioner can usurp that property. It is possible that the judicial authority would decide the case in favour of the false claimant on the basis of the formal strength of the claim, but as this judicial verdict would merely be the result of the chicanery to which the claimant had resorted he would not become its rightful owner. In spite of the judgement of the court the property would remain unlawful for him in the sight of God. It has been reported in a Tradition that the Prophet said: 'I am merely a human being and you bring to me your disputes. It is possible that some of you will be more impressive in argument than others, so that 1 may give judgement in favour of one on the basis of what 1 hear. Beware that if 1 award to someone what belongs to his brother, I will have assigned to him a lump of Fire.' (Bukhari, 'Shahadat', 27; Muslim, 'Aqdiayah', 4; Abu Da'ud , 'Aqdiayah', 7; Tirmidhi, 'Ahkam', 11, 18; Nasai 'Qudat', 12, 33; 1bn Majah, 'AhkAm', 5, etc. - Ed.)
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"O you who believe! Fasting is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you, that you may become Al-Muttaqun (the pious)." [Soorah al-Baqarah (2):183]
'Whoever does not give up forged speech and evil actions, then Allah is not in need of his abstinence of food and drink." (Reported by AI-Bukhari)
"All the deeds of the son of Adam (people) are for them. Every good deed will be multiplied to ten it’s like, up to seven hundred times. Allah, the Exalted, said, ‘Except fasting which is for Me, and I will give the reward for it. He left his lust, food, and drink for My sake.'
There are two pleasures for the fasting person, one at the time of breaking his fast and the other at the time when he will meet his Lord. The unpleasant smell coming from the mouth of a fasting person is better to Allah than the smell of musk. “(Reported by Muslim)
Know that to truly attain closeness to Allah, the Exalted, by giving up, while fasting, these permissible worldly desires is not complete unless one comes closer to Him by giving up what Allah has forbidden in all circumstances, such as lying, injustice, and transgression against people in their blood, property, and dignity. Due to this the Prophet said,
The underlying reason behind this is that to gain closeness to Allah by abandoning the permissible things is not complete, except by giving up the forbidden things. Thus, whoever does the forbidden acts and then [tries to] get closer to Allah by giving up the permissible things, is like the one who does not do the obligatory acts and worships Allah through the voluntary acts. If he intends by eating and drinking to strengthen his body for standing [for prayer] and fasting, he would be rewarded for that. Likewise, if he intends by sleeping in the night and day, to strengthen himself for good deeds, his sleep would then be an act of worship.
Thus, a Muslim partakes in worship during the day and the night. His prayers are answered while fasting and when breaking the fast. So he is, during the day, fasting and being patient and in the night, eating and being thankful.
The conditions for that include that he breaks his fast with permissible things. If he breaks his fast with a forbidden thing, he would be from those who fasted from what Allah made lawful for him, and broke his fast with what Allah made forbidden to him, and his supplication would not be answered. Know that two types of struggles are combined for the believer in the month of Ramadan: the struggle with himself during the day time over fasting, and the struggle in the night-time over standing in prayer. So whoever combines between these two struggles and fulfills all of their rights and is steadfast in that-Allah will fulfill his reward over them without limit.
Some of The Means to Forgiveness in Ramadan There are many means for forgiveness in the month of Ramadan. The means to forgiveness in it include fasting and standing for prayer; [specifically] standing in prayer on the Night of Qadr (Power, Decree, or High Rank). Included in that is giving someone food to break his fast and lightening the burdens of slaves. Also, included in that is asking for forgiveness; the supplication of the fasting person is answered while fasting and while breaking the fast.
Since there are many means for forgive-ness during Ramadan, the person for whom forgiveness passes by is deprived to the utmost. When will the person who is not forgiven in this month be forgiven? When will the person who was rejected on the Night of Qadr be accepted? When will the person who is not upright in Ramadan ever be upright?
The Muslims used to say, when the month of Ramadan would come, "0 Allah, the month of Ramadan has caste over us and has come, so safeguard it for us and safeguard us for it; provide for us that we fast in it and stand in it for prayer; provide us in it diligence, strength, and vigor, and protect us in it from trials and tribulations."
Some of the Etiquettes of Fasting
Know that the fast is not complete unless six things are fulfilled:
The first: lowering the gaze [from forbidden things]; withholding it from extensively looking at everything which is dispraised and disliked.
The second: safeguarding the tongue from senselessness, backbiting, spreading evil rumors, and lying. The third: refraining from listening to everything that is forbidden and disliked.
The fourth: restraining the rest of the limbs from sins.
The fifth: not overeating. The sixth: one's heart is, after breaking the fast, between a state of fear [of Allah's punishment] and hope [for Allah's mercy]; as he does not know whether his fast is accepted; thus being one who was brought closer [by it] or [it is] rejected from him, so that he is one who simply received his sustenance (i.e. the food he broke his fast with). That must be during the end of every act of worship.'
o Allah, make us from those who fasted the month, received the full reward, made to experience the Night of Qadr, and won the Lord's prize, Blessed and Exalted is He, Aamin, 0 Lord of the worlds. May Allah grant mercy and peace on Muhammad, and on his family and companions altogether?
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آَمَنُوا كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الصِّيَامُ كَمَا كُتِبَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَّقُونَ ﴿2:183﴾
(2:183) O Believers, the Fast has been made obligatory on you just as it was prescribed for the followers of the Prophets before you. It is expected that this will produce piety in you. *183
*183. Like most other injunctions of Islam those relating to fasting were revealed gradually. In the beginning the Prophet (peace be on him) had instructed the Muslims to fast three days in every month, though this was not obligatory. When the injunction in the present verse was later revealed in 2 A.H., a degree of relaxation was introduced: it was stipulated that those who did not fast despite their capacity to endure it were obliged to feed one poor person as an expiation for each day of obligatory fasting missed (see verse 184). Another injunction was revealed later (see verse 185) and here the relaxation in respect of able-bodied persons was revoked. However, for the sick, the traveller, the pregnant, the breast-feeding women and the aged who could not endure fasting, the relaxation was retained. (See Bukhari, 'Tafsir al-Qur'an', 25; Tirmidhi, 'Sawm', 21; Nasai, 'Siyam', 51, 62, 64; Ibn Majah, 'Siyam', 12; Ahmad b. Hanbal, Musnad, vol. 3, p. 104; vol. 4, pp. 347 and 418; vol. 5, p. 29 - Ed.)
أَيَّامًا مَعْدُودَاتٍ فَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْكُمْ مَرِيضًا أَوْ عَلَى سَفَرٍ فَعِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ وَعَلَى الَّذِينَ يُطِيقُونَهُ فِدْيَةٌ طَعَامُ مِسْكِينٍ فَمَنْ تَطَوَّعَ خَيْرًا فَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لَهُ وَأَنْ تَصُومُوا خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ ﴿2:184﴾
(2:184) The Fast is to be observed for a fixed number of days. If, however, anyone of you be sick or on a journey, he should fast the same number of other days. As for those who can fast (but do not), the expiation of this shall be the feeding of one needy person for one fast day, and whoso does more than this *184 with a willing heart does it for his own good. But if you understand the thing, it is better for you to observe the Fast. *185
*184. This act of extra merit could either be feeding more than the one person required or both fasting and feeding the poor. *185. Here ends the early injunction with regard to fasting which was revealed in 2 A.H. prior to the Battle of Badr. The verses that follow were revealed about one year later and are linked with the preceding verses since they deal with the same subject.
شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ الَّذِي أُنْزِلَ فِيهِ الْقُرْآَنُ هُدًى لِلنَّاسِ وَبَيِّنَاتٍ مِنَ الْهُدَى وَالْفُرْقَانِ فَمَنْ شَهِدَ مِنْكُمُ الشَّهْرَ فَلْيَصُمْهُ وَمَنْ كَانَ مَرِيضًا أَوْ عَلَى سَفَرٍ فَعِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ بِكُمُ الْيُسْرَ وَلَا يُرِيدُ بِكُمُ الْعُسْرَ وَلِتُكْمِلُوا الْعِدَّةَ وَلِتُكَبِّرُوا اللَّهَ عَلَى مَا هَدَاكُمْ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ ﴿2:185﴾
(2:185) Ramadan is the month in which the Qur'an was sent down : this Book is a perfect guidance for mankind and consists of clear teachings which show the right way and are a criterion of Truth and falsehood. Therefore from now on whoever witnesses it, it is obligatory on hire to fast the whole month, but if one be ill or on a journey, he should make up for the same number by fasting on other days. *186 Allah desires to show leniency to you and does not desire to show any hardship. "therefore this method is being shown to you so that you may complete the number of Fast days and glorify Allah for the Guidance He has shown to you and be grateful to Him. *187
*186. Whether a person should or should not fast while on a journey is left to individual discretion. We find that among the Companions who accompanied the Prophet on journeys some fasted whereas others did not; none objected to the conduct of another. The Prophet himself did not always fast when travelling. On one journey a person was so overwhelmed by hunger that he collapsed; the Prophet disapproved when he learned that the man had been fasting. During wars the Prophet used to prevent people from fasting so that they would not lack energy for the fight. It has been reported by 'Umar that two military expeditions took place in the month of Ramadan. The first was the Battle of Badr and the second the conquest of Makka. On both occasions the Companions abstained from fasting, and, according to Ibn 'Umar, on the occasion of the conquest of Makka the Prophet proclaimed that people should not fast since it was a day of fighting. In other Traditions the Prophet is reported to have said that people should not fast when they had drawn close to the enemy, since abstention from fasting would lead to greater strength. (See Ahmad b. Hanbal, Musnad, vol. 3, p. 329, and vol. 5, pp. 205 and 209: Darimi, ' Sawm', 41; Muslim, 'Siyarn', 92; Nasai, 'Siyam', 47; Bukhari, 'Maghazi', 71; Muslim, 'Siyam', 102; Ahmad b. Hanbal, Musnad, vol. 3, pp. 21, 35, 46; Tirmidhi, 'Sawm', 18, Nasa'i. 'Siyam', 52; Bukhari , 'Jihad', 29; Muslim, 'Siyam', 98; Abu Da'ud, 'Sawm' 42; Muslim, 'Siyam', 102, 103, 105; Ahmad b. Hanbal, Musnad vol. 2, 99; Tirmidhi, : 'Sawm', 19 - Ed.) The duration of a journey for which it becomes permissible for a person to abstain from fasting is not absolutely clear from any statement of the Prophet, (cf. relevant Traditions Abu Da'ud, 'Sawm', 46, 47; Nasai , 'Siyam', 54, 55; Malik, Muaatta', 'Siyam', 21, 27 - Ed.) In addition the practice of the Companions was not uniform. It would seem that any journey which is commonly regarded as such, and which is attended by the circumstances generally associated with travelling, should be deemed sufficient justification for not fasting. Jurists agree that one does not have to fast on the day of commencing a journey; one may eat either at the point of departure or after the actual journey has commenced. Either course is sanctioned by the practice of the Companions. Jurists, however, are not agreed as to whether or not the residents of a city under attack may abstain from fasting even though they are not actually travelling. Ibn taymiyah favours the permissibility of abstention from fasting and supports his view with vcry forceful arguments. *187. This indicates that fasting need not be confined, exclusively, to Ramadan. For those who fail to fast during that month owing to some legitimate reason God has kept the door of compensation open during other months of the year so that they need not be deprived of the opportunity to express their gratitude to Him for His great bounty, in revealing the Qur'an. It should he noted here that fasting in Ramadin has not only been declared an act of worship and devotion and a means to nourish piety but has also been characterized as an act of gratefulness to God for His great bounty of true guidance in the form of the Qur'an. In fact, the best way of expressing gratitude for someone's bounty or benevolence is to prepare oneself, to the best of one's ability, to achieve the purpose for which that bounty has been bestowed. The Qur'an has been revealed so that we may know the way that leads to God's good pleasure, follow that way ourselves and direct the world along it. Fasting is an excellent means by which to prepare ourselves for shouldering this task. Hence fasting during the month of the revelation of the Qur'an is more than an act of worship and more than an excellent course of moral training; it is also an appropriate form for the expression of our thankfulness to God for the bounty of the Qur'an.
وَإِذَا سَأَلَكَ عِبَادِي عَنِّي فَإِنِّي قَرِيبٌ أُجِيبُ دَعْوَةَ الدَّاعِ إِذَا دَعَانِ فَلْيَسْتَجِيبُوا لِي وَلْيُؤْمِنُوا بِي لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْشُدُونَ ﴿2:186﴾
(2:186) And if My servants ask you, O Prophet. concerning Me, tell them that I am quite near to them. I hear and answer the prayer of the suppliant, when he calls to Me. So let them respond to My call and believe in Me. *188 Convey this to them, O Prophet; perhaps they may be guided aright. *189
*188. Even though people can neither see God nor subject Him to any other form of sense perception this should not make them feel that God is remote from them. On the contrany, He is so close to each and every person that whenever any person so wishes he can communicate with his Lord. So much so that God hears and responds even to the prayers which remain within the innermost recesses of the heart. People exhaust themselves by approaching false and powerless beings whom they foolishly fancy to be their deities but who have neither the power to hear nor to grant their prayers. But God, the omnipotent Lord and the absolute Master of this vast universe, Who wields all power and authority, is so close to human beings that they can alway's approach Him without the intercession of any intermediaries, and can put to Him ther prayers and requests. *189. This announcement of God's closeness to man may open his eyes to the Truth, may turn him to the right way wherein lies his success and well-being.
أُحِلَّ لَكُمْ لَيْلَةَ الصِّيَامِ الرَّفَثُ إِلَى نِسَائِكُمْ هُنَّ لِبَاسٌ لَكُمْ وَأَنْتُمْ لِبَاسٌ لَهُنَّ عَلِمَ اللَّهُ أَنَّكُمْ كُنْتُمْ تَخْتَانُونَ أَنْفُسَكُمْ فَتَابَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَعَفَا عَنْكُمْ فَالْآَنَ بَاشِرُوهُنَّ وَابْتَغُوا مَا كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ وَكُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ الْخَيْطُ الْأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الْخَيْطِ الْأَسْوَدِ مِنَ الْفَجْرِ ثُمَّ أَتِمُّوا الصِّيَامَ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ وَلَا تُبَاشِرُوهُنَّ وَأَنْتُمْ عَاكِفُونَ فِي الْمَسَاجِدِ تِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللَّهِ فَلَا تَقْرَبُوهَا كَذَلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ آَيَاتِهِ لِلنَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَّقُونَ ﴿2:187﴾
(2:187) It has been made lawful for you to go to your wives during the nights of the fast days. They are as a garment to you and you are as a garment to them. *190 Though Allah knew that you were secretly dishonest to yourselves, He has pardoned your guilt and forgiven you. NOW you are permitted to have intercourse with your wives and enjoy what Allah has made lawful for you. *191 You are also pemitted to eat and drink during the nights of the Fast months. *192 until you can discern the white streak of dawn from the blackness of night. *193 " Then (abstain from all these things and) complete your fast till night-fall. *194 But you should not have intercourse with your wives while you confine yourselves to mosques. *195 These are the bounds set by Allah; so do nut go near them. *196 In this way Allah makes His Commands clear to mankind. It is expected that they will guard themselves against wrong ways.
*190. Just as nothing intervenes between a person's body and his clothes, so nothing can intervene between a man and his wife; it is a relationship of inalienable intimacy. *191. Although there was no categorical ordinance in the early days prohibiting sexual intercourse between husband and wife during the nights of Ramadan, people generally assumed that this was not permissible. Despite the feeling that their action was either not permitted or was at least disapproved of, they did at times approach their wives. Such a betrayal of conscience can encourage a sinful disposition. God, therefore, first reproaches them with their lack of integrity, for this is what was objectionable. As for the act itself, God makes it clear that it is quite permissible. Henceforth they might engage in sexual intercourse as a perfectly lawful act unencumbered by feelings of guilt. *192. In this connection, too, there was a misapprehension at first. Some thought that eating and drinking were absolutely prohibited after the performance of the 'Isha' (Night) Prayer. Others thought that one could eat and drink so long as one had not fallen asleep, but that if one had it was not permissible to eat on reawakening. These were people's own fancies and often caused great inconvenience. This verse seeks to remove all such misconceptions. It clearly lays down the duration of the fast: from dawn until sunset. Between sunset and dawn it is permissible to eat, to drink, and to indulge in the legitimate gratification of sexual desires. At the same time the Prophet introduced the pre-fasting repast, recommending a good meal just before dawn. *193. In fixing the time of obligatory rites, Islam has been mindful that these timings should be so clear and simple that people, at all stages of development, should be able to follow them. This is why Islam bases its timing on conspicuous natural phenomena and not on the clock. Some people object that this principle of timing is untenable in areas close to the poles, where night and day each last for about six months. This objection is based on a very superficial knowledge of geography. In point of fact neither day nor night lasts for six months in those areas - not in the sense in which people living near the Equator conceive of night and day. The signs of morning and evening appear at the poles with unfailing regularity and it is on this basis that people time their sleeping and waking, their professional work, their play and recreation. Even in the days before watches were common, the people of countries like Finland, Norway and Greenland used to fix the hours of the day and night by means of various signs that appeared on the horizon. Just as those signs helped them to determine their schedules in other matters, so they should enable them to time their various Prayers, the pre-fast meal and the breaking of the fast. *194. 'Complete your fasting until night sets in' means that the time of fasting ends with nightfall, i.e. sunset marks the breaking of the fast. The precise time of the end of the pre-dawn repast is when a lean strip of aurora appears at the eastern end of the horizon and begins to grow. The time to break one's fast starts when the darkness of night seems to have begun to appear over the eastern horizon. In our own time, some people have adopted an attitude of extreme caution with regard to the time of both the end and start of fasting. The Law has not fixed these schedules with rigid precision. If a person wakes up just at the crack of dawn it is proper for him to eat and drink hastily. According to a Tradition the Prophet said: 'If anyone of you hears the call for [the morning] Prayer while he is eating he should not stop immediately, but should finish eating to the extent of his bare need.' (Abu Da'ud. Siyam', 14 - Ed.) Similarly, one need not wait for the light of day to disappear fully before breaking the fast. The Prophet, for instance, used to ask Bilil to bring him something to drink as soon as the sun had set. Bilil expressed his astonishment, pointing out that the light of day could still be observed. To this the Prophet replied that the time of fasting came to an end when the darkness of night began to rise from the east. (Muslim, 'Siyam', 10; Abu Da'ud, 'Siyam', 15; etc. - Ed.) *195. 'On retreat in the mosque' refers to the religious practice of spending the last ten days of Ramadan in the mosque, consecrating this time to the remembrance of God. In this state, known as i'tikaf, one may go out of the mosque only for the absolutely necessary requirements of life, but one must stay away from gratifying one's sexual desire. *196. The directive here is neither to exceed nor draw near the limits set by God. This means that it is dangerous for a man to skirt the boundaries of disobedience; prudence demands that one should keep some distance from these lest one's steps inadvertent lead one to cross them. The same principle has been enunciated in a Tradition in which the Prophet said: 'Even sovereign has an enclosed pasture and the enclosed pasture of God consists of His prohibitions. So, whosoever keeps grazing around that pasture is likely to fall into it.' (Bukhari, 'lman', 36; 'Buyu'', 3; Muslim, 'Musaqah', 107; Abu Da'd, 'Buyu", 3; Tirmidhi, 'Buyu", 1; Nasa'i, 'Buyu?, 3; 'Ashribah', 50; Ibn Majah, 'Fitan', 14 - Ed.) It is a pity that many people. who are not conversant with the spirit of the Shari'ah (Islamic law), insist on using these boundaries to the limits. Many religious scholars exert themselves in finding out arguments to justify this attitude, and a point is thus reached where only a hair's breadth separates obedience from disobedience. Consequently many people fall prey to disobedience, even to downright error and wrong-doing. For once a man arrives at this point he is seldom capable of discerning between right and wrong, and maintaining the absolute self-control needed to keep within the lawful limits.
وَلَا تَأْكُلُوا أَمْوَالَكُمْ بَيْنَكُمْ بِالْبَاطِلِ وَتُدْلُوا بِهَا إِلَى الْحُكَّامِ لِتَأْكُلُوا فَرِيقًا مِنْ أَمْوَالِ النَّاسِ بِالْإِثْمِ وَأَنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ ﴿2:188﴾
(2:188) Do not usurp one another's property by unjust means nor offer it to the judges so that you may devour knowingly and unjustly a portion of the goods of others. *197
*197. One meaning of this verse is that people should not try to seek illegitimate benefits by bribing magistrates. Another meaning is that when a person is aware that the property, he claims rightfully belongs to someone else, he should not file a judicial petition either because the other party lacks the evidence to support their case or because by trickery and cunning the petitioner can usurp that property. It is possible that the judicial authority would decide the case in favour of the false claimant on the basis of the formal strength of the claim, but as this judicial verdict would merely be the result of the chicanery to which the claimant had resorted he would not become its rightful owner. In spite of the judgement of the court the property would remain unlawful for him in the sight of God. It has been reported in a Tradition that the Prophet said: 'I am merely a human being and you bring to me your disputes. It is possible that some of you will be more impressive in argument than others, so that 1 may give judgement in favour of one on the basis of what 1 hear. Beware that if 1 award to someone what belongs to his brother, I will have assigned to him a lump of Fire.' (Bukhari, 'Shahadat', 27; Muslim, 'Aqdiayah', 4; Abu Da'ud , 'Aqdiayah', 7; Tirmidhi, 'Ahkam', 11, 18; Nasai 'Qudat', 12, 33; 1bn Majah, 'AhkAm', 5, etc. - Ed.)
Sunday, July 24, 2011
Why Do India need such Friend?
India getting roughed up by Americans: Top scientist on visa rulesRead more at:
New Delhi: Annoyed with the US visa rules, CNR Rao, the Science Advisor to Prime Minister, has threatened to boycott visiting the US. Mr Rao has been affected by the US visa norms that allow a one year visa to some Indian scientists, as opposed to the earlier five-ten year multiple entry visa.Clearly unhappy with the annual pilgrimage scientists are forced to make to the American Embassy, Mr Rao said, "India is getting roughed up by the Americans."Mr Rao, a frequent visitor to the US for the past 50 years has been hit by the visa norms for three years now. Speaking to NDTV, he said, "I find it very insulting to go through this each year. I am sick and tired...may never go to America again after my current visa expires."
The Minister of State for Science Ashwani Kumar lodged a protest with US President Barack Obama's Science Advisor John P Holdren after the issue came up during the recent Indo-US strategic dialogue, calling the visa rules a bottleneck that impedes free scientific exchange.The US Embassy in New Delhi has not said why this is happening, however, President Obama's Science Advisor told NDTV, "I understand visas are a problem...we hope to improve."
NSG decision not end of the road: Nirupama Rao
New Delhi: India has said that the recent decision of the Nuclear Suppliers' Group on transfer of sensitive technology was "not the end of the road" and the new rules, which are not in the public domain yet, need to be studied before drawing any conclusion.
"First of all let me say that these guidelines have not been published in open text as yet. We need to study that more fully and we need to draw our conclusions from that," Foreign Secretary Nirupama Rao told Karan Thapar on "Devil's Advocate" programme on CNN-IBN.
On former Atomic Energy Commission chairman Anil Kakodkar's remarks that the new guidelines amounted to "betrayal", she said she would not use similar terminology.
"As a professional engaged in this process, I think the latest NSG decision is not the end of the road. It is not set in stone," Rao said.
The NSG last week decided to push for more stringent norms that govern technology transfer for enrichment and reprocessing technology. This decision has raised concerns about its impact on the landmark civil nuclear deal India signed with the US.
The Foreign Secretary indicated that India could leverage its burgeoning nuclear power sector.
"The whole issue of full bilateral civil nuclear cooperation, the fact that India has the potential to develop 60,000 MW of electricity from nuclear energy by 2030. So, this is a dynamic process. We have an expanding nuclear industry. This is a great attraction to the rest of the world," she said.
NSG all set to up-end India's clean waiver
NEW DELHI: Barring last minute objections, the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) is set to approve new guidelines for the transfer of “sensitive” nuclear material that will do undo the hard fought “clean” waiver India obtained in 2008 from the cartel's restrictive export rules.
At stake is India's ability to buy enrichment and reprocessing technology and equipment (ENR) from NSG members. Under the terms of a landmark September 2008 agreement, the NSG waived its catch-all requirement of full-scope safeguards as a condition for supply in exchange for a concrete set of non-proliferation commitments by the Indian side. This agreement means NSG members are allowed to sell any nuclear equipment and material they want, including ENR, to India despite the fact that it does not allow international supervision over all its nuclear activities and is not a party to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.
AMAR SINGH WHO SAVED CONGRESS, the poor friend ?
Amar Singh Being Framed: Mulayam
New Delhi, Jul 24 (IANS): Samajwadi Party chief Mulayam Singh Yadav Sunday came out in support of his former party general secretary Amar Singh, saying he was being "framed" in the cash-for-votes scam of 2008.
Addressing a press conference here, Mulayam Singh showed sympathy towards his ex-colleague, who was expelled from the the party after the relations between the two turned sour.
"Injustice is being done with Amar Singh. It is a conspiracy to trouble him and he is being framed in the case," he said.
"What was the benefit for us? Was the Samajwadi Party being included in the government? Were we getting ministers posts?" he asked.
Amar Singh has been alleged to be involved in the cash-for-votes scam of 2008 after his former aide Sanjeev Saxena was found involved in transfer of money to some MPs. The MPs alleged they were paid the money to abstain from voting in the trust vote sought by the then Manmohan Singh government, after the Left's withdrawal of support.
Amar Singh was quizzed by the Delhi Police's crime branch Monday.
"Amar Singh is being trapped, he is innocent," reiterated Mulayam Singh. "We only voted to save the government."
http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/amar-singh-s-questioning-in-cash-for-votes-scam-unfair-mulayam-singh-121676
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Mulayam-comes-out-in-support-of-Amar-in-cash-for-vote-scam/articleshow/9345856.cms
http://expressbuzz.com/opinion/columnists/bribery-and-the-art-of-scapegoat-hunting/297192.html
THE IS ......................................
India do not need such friends who can ot be trusted.
New Delhi: Annoyed with the US visa rules, CNR Rao, the Science Advisor to Prime Minister, has threatened to boycott visiting the US. Mr Rao has been affected by the US visa norms that allow a one year visa to some Indian scientists, as opposed to the earlier five-ten year multiple entry visa.Clearly unhappy with the annual pilgrimage scientists are forced to make to the American Embassy, Mr Rao said, "India is getting roughed up by the Americans."Mr Rao, a frequent visitor to the US for the past 50 years has been hit by the visa norms for three years now. Speaking to NDTV, he said, "I find it very insulting to go through this each year. I am sick and tired...may never go to America again after my current visa expires."
The Minister of State for Science Ashwani Kumar lodged a protest with US President Barack Obama's Science Advisor John P Holdren after the issue came up during the recent Indo-US strategic dialogue, calling the visa rules a bottleneck that impedes free scientific exchange.The US Embassy in New Delhi has not said why this is happening, however, President Obama's Science Advisor told NDTV, "I understand visas are a problem...we hope to improve."
NSG decision not end of the road: Nirupama Rao
New Delhi: India has said that the recent decision of the Nuclear Suppliers' Group on transfer of sensitive technology was "not the end of the road" and the new rules, which are not in the public domain yet, need to be studied before drawing any conclusion.
"First of all let me say that these guidelines have not been published in open text as yet. We need to study that more fully and we need to draw our conclusions from that," Foreign Secretary Nirupama Rao told Karan Thapar on "Devil's Advocate" programme on CNN-IBN.
On former Atomic Energy Commission chairman Anil Kakodkar's remarks that the new guidelines amounted to "betrayal", she said she would not use similar terminology.
"As a professional engaged in this process, I think the latest NSG decision is not the end of the road. It is not set in stone," Rao said.
The NSG last week decided to push for more stringent norms that govern technology transfer for enrichment and reprocessing technology. This decision has raised concerns about its impact on the landmark civil nuclear deal India signed with the US.
The Foreign Secretary indicated that India could leverage its burgeoning nuclear power sector.
"The whole issue of full bilateral civil nuclear cooperation, the fact that India has the potential to develop 60,000 MW of electricity from nuclear energy by 2030. So, this is a dynamic process. We have an expanding nuclear industry. This is a great attraction to the rest of the world," she said.
NSG all set to up-end India's clean waiver
NEW DELHI: Barring last minute objections, the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) is set to approve new guidelines for the transfer of “sensitive” nuclear material that will do undo the hard fought “clean” waiver India obtained in 2008 from the cartel's restrictive export rules.
At stake is India's ability to buy enrichment and reprocessing technology and equipment (ENR) from NSG members. Under the terms of a landmark September 2008 agreement, the NSG waived its catch-all requirement of full-scope safeguards as a condition for supply in exchange for a concrete set of non-proliferation commitments by the Indian side. This agreement means NSG members are allowed to sell any nuclear equipment and material they want, including ENR, to India despite the fact that it does not allow international supervision over all its nuclear activities and is not a party to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.
AMAR SINGH WHO SAVED CONGRESS, the poor friend ?
Amar Singh Being Framed: Mulayam
New Delhi, Jul 24 (IANS): Samajwadi Party chief Mulayam Singh Yadav Sunday came out in support of his former party general secretary Amar Singh, saying he was being "framed" in the cash-for-votes scam of 2008.
Addressing a press conference here, Mulayam Singh showed sympathy towards his ex-colleague, who was expelled from the the party after the relations between the two turned sour.
"Injustice is being done with Amar Singh. It is a conspiracy to trouble him and he is being framed in the case," he said.
"What was the benefit for us? Was the Samajwadi Party being included in the government? Were we getting ministers posts?" he asked.
Amar Singh has been alleged to be involved in the cash-for-votes scam of 2008 after his former aide Sanjeev Saxena was found involved in transfer of money to some MPs. The MPs alleged they were paid the money to abstain from voting in the trust vote sought by the then Manmohan Singh government, after the Left's withdrawal of support.
Amar Singh was quizzed by the Delhi Police's crime branch Monday.
"Amar Singh is being trapped, he is innocent," reiterated Mulayam Singh. "We only voted to save the government."
http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/amar-singh-s-questioning-in-cash-for-votes-scam-unfair-mulayam-singh-121676
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Mulayam-comes-out-in-support-of-Amar-in-cash-for-vote-scam/articleshow/9345856.cms
http://expressbuzz.com/opinion/columnists/bribery-and-the-art-of-scapegoat-hunting/297192.html
THE IS ......................................
India do not need such friends who can ot be trusted.
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